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Was the New Testament Originally Written in Hebrew?

28 Feb

In the last week we’ve had two calls from customers looking for a copy of the New Testament documents in Hebrew. They didn’t want the New Testament in modern Hebrew. They had heard that the New Testament was originally written in Hebrew and it was these documents that they wanted. One of my coworkers had fielded one of these calls. He attempted to explain that not only did we not have these documents they in fact did not exist. The customer was insistent that they did exist. Needless to say the customer was unsatisfied with our answer. This question is addressed by Michael L. Brown in his book 60 Questions Christians Ask About Jewish Beliefs and Practices. He writes,

“There is absolutely no evidence that the New Testament was originally written in Hebrew, despite many extravagant claims to the contrary. In fact, while there are more than five thousand ancient manuscripts containing all or part of the New Testament in Greek, there are no ancient manuscripts with even a single line from the New Testament in Hebrew.” (169-70)

Brown interacts with the theory that Matthew may have been originally penned in Hebrew (a view he favors) and acknowledges that there is a medieval copy of Matthew in Hebrew. He also addresses the efforts of some scholars to translate the Greek New Testament back into Hebrew (called ‘Ruckübersetzung’ in German). This last enterprise is fraught with problems. A Jewish Semitic scholar named D. S. Margoliouth attempted to translate the Greek text of Ecclesiasticus back into Hebrew. He had not only the Greek text but also Syriac and Latin translations of the book at his disposal. Oddly enough when sizable portions of the Hebrew text were eventually discovered it was found “that he did not correctly translate even one single verse!” (171) Brown notes, “To attempt to reconstruct the entire (alleged) original Hebrew Gospel—without access to even the supposed primary Greek sources—is nothing more than a counsel of despair.” (172)

 

About Louis

I am a 1997 graduate of Trinity Evangelical Divinity School in Deerfield Illinois. I majored in Christian Theology with a cognate in Church History. I have worked for Baker Book House since September 2000.
1 Comment

Posted by on February 28, 2012 in Biblical Studies

 

One Response to Was the New Testament Originally Written in Hebrew?

  1. Phil Miller

    February 28, 2012 at 9:13 am

    For what it is worth, almost a century before Margoliouth attempted to translate Ecclesiasticus into Hebrew, a German Jew named Judah Leib Ben-Zeev also translated it (I assume from German), it being published in Breslau in 1797, and his translation was also found to be remarkably close to the original Hebrew when it was recovered.

    The question of an original version of a Gospel in Hebrew ignores the question of whether or not Aramaic versions existed (aside from the Peshitta).

     

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